Which illusion occurs when a pilot experiences prolonged turning, followed by abrupt head movement?

The Coriolis illusion occurs when a pilot makes a prolonged turn and then suddenly moves their head, leading to a disorienting sensation. This happens due to the way the inner ear's vestibular system integrates rotational and linear movements. During a continuous turn, the fluid in the semicircular canals of the inner ear becomes stabilized, providing a sensation of being in a steady state. When the head is then moved abruptly—especially if the head changes direction—the vestibular system may provide confusing signals due to the fluid's inertia, leading the pilot to misinterpret their spatial orientation. This can result in the perception of an additional turn in a direction that doesn’t align with the actual aircraft's motion, causing disorientation and potential loss of situational awareness.

Understanding this illusion is crucial for pilots, as it can lead to incorrect control inputs and can be dangerous if not recognized and managed properly.